A need to recognize acts
of heroism in 1922 resulted in the War Department issuing War Department
orders for acts of bravery during peacetime. This led to an Act of
Congress (Public Law 446-69th Congress, 2 July 1926 (44 Stat.
780)) which established the Soldier’s Medal for acts of heroism not
involving actual conflict with an enemy. The Secretary of War directed
that the Quartermaster General prepare and submit appropriate designs of
the Soldier’s Medal per letter signed by The Adjutant General dated 11
August 1926.
The Secretary of War requested
assistance in preparing a design from the Secretary of Treasury by
letter dated 18 January 1927. In a response to the Secretary of War by
letter dated 22 January 1927, the Secretary of Treasury indicated that
the Director of the Mint had been instructed to request the Engraver of
the Mint at Philadelphia to submit designs and model. A proposed design
was completed and forwarded from the Philadelphia Mint on 22 June 1927
and forwarded to the Commission of Fine Arts for comments. The
Commission of Fine Arts in a letter to the Secretary of War dated 27
February 1928 stated.. "It would be a very serious disappointment
to this Commission, after all its struggles to obtain good medals, to
have to rely on work of this character. One of the fundamental
objections to the designs submitted is a lack of that simplicity which
should characterize all medals of the highest class. The designs and
casts are disapproved and returned". Subsequent designs were
submitted and rejected by the Commission in November 1929. The
Quartermaster General forwarded a letter to Mr. Gaetano Cecere, New
York, NY on 20 January 1930, requesting a design and indicating the War
Department would pay not more than $1500.00 for an approved design and
cast. Mr. Cecere provided a proposed design in April 1930 that was
approved by the Commission on 5 May 1930.
Title 10, United States Code (USC),
Section 3750 contains current statutory requirements for the Soldier’s
Medal. Enlisted personnel may be entitled to an increase in retired pay
under Title 10, USC 3991 when credited with heroism equivalent to that
required for the award of the Distinguished Service Cross.
Order of precedence and wear of
decorations is contained in Army Regulation 670-1. Policy for awards,
approving authority, supply, and issue of decorations is contained in
Army Regulation 600-8-22.
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